When the mission was over, the lower stage provided a launch platform and was left on the moon. The upper stage carried the crew, equipment and an ascent rocket engine the lower stage had the landing gear, lunar surface experiments and the descent rocket engine. ![]() The lunar module was 23 feet (7 m) tall and 14 feet (4 m) wide and had two sections: the upper ascent stage and the lower ascent stage. ![]() One astronaut stayed in orbit aboard the command module, while the other two descended to the lunar surface in the lunar module. It re-entered the atmosphere with its heat shield facing the planet, to defend against the high temperatures caused by atmospheric friction.Īs the mission approached the moon, the command module separated from the lunar module. The command module was the only part of the spacecraft that would return to Earth. Inside, the astronauts had about 210 cubic feet (6 cubic m) in which to move around - about the space in a car's interior. It was 10.6 feet (3.2 m) tall and 12.8 feet (3.9 m) wide at its base. The command module housed the astronauts. For most of the mission, the service module and command module were attached, with the units sometimes referred to as a single craft: the command-service module. It contained fuel tanks and oxygen/hydrogen tanks and housed the fuel cells that provided most of the power for the crew compartments. It was cylindrical, at 24.6 feet (7.5 m) long and 12.8 feet (3.9 m) in diameter. The service module provided power, propulsion and storage to the command module. Sitting atop the Saturn V rocket was the Apollo spacecraft, which had three components: the service module, the command module spacecraft and the lunar module spacecraft. Others at a 2001 Houston Sixties Chicks reunion recalled that their own male bosses swore a lot, drank a lot of coffee, and smoked a lot of cigarettes.This NASA schematic details the size of the Apollo space capsules, service modules and lunar landers that would ultimately take astronauts to the moon in the late 1960s and early 1970s. When the astronauts would be in the simulator from 8:00 in the morning 'til 5:00 in the afternoon, the time that they could get their work done, as far as what they needed to do at their desk, was after that. We weren't the only ones," Flowers said during a NASA oral history project in 2008. Flowers said it wasn't uncommon to log extra-long days in the office during the Apollo era, starting at 7:30 in the morning and sticking around until 5 or 6 at night. Secretaries like Jamye Flowers, who was hired right out of high school as a NASA secretary, ended up doing a lot of NASA's most important high-security note taking. Secretaries in the 1960s had to have excellent spelling and grammar - there was no spell check and no delete button (though they did have white-out). "I hope that photos like the ones I'm in don't exist anymore."Īpollo 10 mission commander Tom Stafford pats the nose of Snoopy, the mission's mascot, held by Jamye Flowers, astronaut Gordon Coopers' secretary. "I look at that picture of the firing room where I'm the only woman, and I hope all the pictures now that show people working on the missions to the moon and onto Mars, in rooms like Mission Control or Launch Control or wherever - that there will always be several women," Morgan told NASA. Morgan spent 45 years working for NASA, and was the first woman in many roles at the agency, including division chief, senior executive at the Kennedy Space Center, associate director for the Space Center, and director of safety and mission assurance. "Finally, 99% of them accepted that 'JoAnn's here and we're stuck with her.'" ![]() I had a real passion for it," Morgan recently told the Associated Press. JoAnn Morgan, the first female launch controller, is in the third row. Launch controllers in the firing room at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida during the Apollo 11 mission to the moon in July 1969. Account icon An icon in the shape of a person's head and shoulders.
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